Choosing the right MTP/MPO cable ensures efficient and reliable data transmission in today's fast-paced digital world. With the increasing demand for high-speed connectivity, it is essential to understand the importance of core numbers in MTP/MPO cables. In this guide, we will explore the significance of core numbers and provide valuable insights to help you decide when selecting the right MTP/MPO cable for your specific needs. Whether setting up a data centre or upgrading your existing network infrastructure, this article will serve as a comprehensive resource to assist you in choosing the right MTP/MPO cable.
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An MTP/MPO cable is a high-density fibre optic cable commonly used in data centres and telecommunications networks. It is designed to provide a quick and efficient way to connect multiple fibres in a single connector.
MPO and MTP cables have many attributes in common, which is why both are so popular. The key defining characteristic is that these cables have pre-terminated fibres with standardized connectors. While other fibre optic cables have to be painstakingly arrayed and installed at each node in a data centre, these cables are practically plug-and-play. To have that convenience while still providing the highest levels of performance makes them a top choice for many data centre applications.
MTP/MPO cables consist of connectors and optical fibres ready to connect. When it comes to types, MTP/MPO fibre cables fall on MTP/MPO trunk cables and MTP/MPO harness/breakout cables.
MTP/MPO trunk cables, typically used for creating backbone and horizontal interconnections, have an MTP/MPO connector on both ends and are available from 8 fibres up to 48 in one cable.
Harness/Breakout cables are used to break out the MTP/MPO connector into individual connectors, allowing for easy connection to equipment. MTP/MPO conversion cables convert between different connector types, such as MTP to LC or MTP to SC.
The MTP/MPO cables also come in different configurations, such as 8-core, 12-core, 16-core, 32-core, and more, depending on the specific needs of the application. This flexibility in configurations enables users to tailor their choices according to the scale and performance requirements of their networks or data centres. As technology advances, the configurations of MTP/MPO cables continually evolve to meet the increasing demands of data transmission.
Selecting the appropriate core number for MTP/MPO cables resonates throughout the efficiency and performance of networks. In this section, we'll delve into the decision-making factors surrounding core numbers in cables.
Different network applications and data transmission needs may require varying numbers of cores. High-density data centres might necessitate more cores to support large-capacity data transmission, while smaller networks may require fewer cores.
When choosing the core number for MTP/MPO cables, compatibility with existing infrastructure is crucial. Ensuring that the new cables match existing fibre optic equipment and connectors helps avoid unnecessary compatibility issues.
As businesses grow and technology advances, future network demands may increase. Choosing MTP/MPO cables with a larger number of cores allows for future expansion and upgrades.
Budget and resources also play a role in core number selection. Cables with a larger number of cores tend to be more expensive, while cables with fewer cores may be more cost-effective. Therefore, finding a balance between actual requirements and the available budget is essential.
A 12-fibre MTP/MPO connector interface can accommodate 40G, which is usually used in a 40G data centre. The typical implementations of MTP/MPO plug-and-play systems split a 12-fibre trunk into six channels that run up to 10 Gigabit Ethernet (depending on the length of the cable). 40G system uses a 12-fibre trunk to create a Tx/Rx link, dedicating 4 fibres for 10G each of upstream transmit, and 4 fibres for 10G each of downstream receive.
In this scenario, a 40G QSFP+ port on the FS S 48S6Q switch is split up into 4 10G channels. An 8-fibre MTP-LC harness cable connects the 40G side with its MTP connector and the four LC connectors link with the 10G side.
As shown below, a 12-fibre MTP trunk cable is used to connect two 40G optical transceivers to realize the 40G to 40G connection between the two switches. The connection method can also be applied to a 100G-100G connection.
24 fibres MTP® to MTP® Interconnect Conversion Harness Cable is designed to provide a more flexible multi-fibre cabling system based on MTP® products. Unlike MTP® harness cable, MTP® conversion cables are terminated with MTP® connectors on both ends and can provide more possibilities for the existing 24-fibre cabling system. The 40/100G MTP® conversion cables eliminate the wasted fibres in the current 40G transmission and upcoming 100G transmission. Compared to purchasing and installing separate conversion cassettes, using MTP® conversion cables is a more cost-effective and lower-loss option.
QSFP28 100G transceivers using 4 fibre pairs have an MTP/MPO12f port (with 4 unused fibres). Transmission for short distances (up to 100m) could be done most cost-effectively over multimode fibre using SR4 transmission. Longer distances over single mode use PSM4 transmission over 8 fibres. Transmission over 4 fibre pairs enables both multimode and single-mode transceivers to be connected 1:4 using MPO-LC 8 fibre breakout cables. One QSFP28 100G can connect to four SFP28 25G transceivers.
QSFP28 100G SR4 are often connected directly together due to their proximity within switching areas.
Equally QSFP28 SR4 are often connected directly to SFP28 25G ports within the same rack. For example, from a switch 100G port to four different servers with 25G ports.
The 12-core MTP/MPO cables can also be used for 100G parallel-to-parallel connection. Through the use of MTP patch panels, network reliability is enhanced, ensuring the normal operation of other channels even if a particular channel experiences a failure. Additionally, by increasing the number of parallel channels, it can meet the continuously growing data demands. This flexibility is crucial for adapting to future network expansions.
QSFP28 100G PMS4 are often connected directly together due to their proximity within switching areas.
Equally QSFP28 ports are often connected directly to SFP28 25G ports within the same rack. For example, from a switch 100G port to four different servers with 25G ports.
Although most equipment manufacturers (Cisco, Juniper, Arista, etc) are bypassing 200G and jumping from 100G to 400G, there are still some 200G QSFP-DD transceivers on the market, like FS QSFP56-SR4-200G and QSFP-FR4-200G.
MTP (MPO) 12 fibre connects 2xQSFP56-SR4-200G.
MTP/MPO cables with multi-core connectors are used for optical transceiver connection. There are 4 different types of application scenarios for 400G MTP/MPO cables. Common MTP/MPO patch cables include 8-fibre, 12-core, and 16-core. 8-core or 12-core MTP/MPO single-mode fibre patch cable is usually used to complete the direct connection of two 400G-DR4 optical transceivers. 16-core MTP/MPO fibre patch cable can be used to connect 400G-SR8 optical transceivers to 200G QSFP56 SR4 optical transceivers, and can also be used to connect 400G-8x50G to 400G-4x100G transceivers. The 8-core MTP to 4-core LC duplex fibre patch cable connects the 400G-DR4 optical transceiver with a 100G-DR optical transceiver.
For more specific 400G connectivity solutions, please refer to FS 400G MTP/MPO Cabling.
In the higher-speed 800G networking landscape, the high density, high bandwidth, and flexibility of MTP/MPO cables have played a crucial role. Leveraging various branching or direct connection schemes, MTP/MPO cables are seamlessly connected to 800G optical modules, 400G optical modules, and 100G optical modules, enhancing the richness and flexibility of network construction.
16 fibres MTP® trunk cable is designed for 800G QSFP-DD/OSFP DR8 and 800G OSFP XDR8 optics direct connection and supporting 800G transmission for Hyperscale Data Center.
16 fibres MTP®-LC breakout cables are optimized for 800G OSFP XDR8 to 100G QSFP28 FR, 800G QSFP-DD/OSFP DR8 to 100G QSFP28 DR optics direct connection, and high-density data centre applications.
16 fibre MTP® conversion cable is designed to provide a more flexible multi-fibre cabling system based on MTP® products. Compared to purchasing and installing separate conversion cassettes, using MTP® conversion cables is a more cost-effective and lower-loss option. In the network upgrade from 400G to 800G, the ability to directly connect an 800G optical module and two 400G optical modules provides a more efficient use of cabling space, resulting in cost savings for cabling.
In a word, the choice of core number for MTP/MPO cables depends on the specific requirements of the network application. Matching the core number with the requirements of each scenario ensures optimal performance and efficient resource utilization. A well-informed choice ensures that your MTP/MPO cable not only meets but exceeds the demands of your evolving connectivity requirements.
As a global leader in enterprise-level ICT solutions, FS not only offers a variety of MTP/MPO cables but also customizes exclusive MTP/MPO cabling solutions based on your requirements, helping your data centre network achieve a smooth upgrade. In the era of rapid growth in network data, the time has come to make a choice &#; FS escorts your data centre upgrade. Register as an FS website member and enjoy free technical support.
The wire can be divided into single-core wire and multi-core wire according to the process characteristics. The difference is that multi-core wires are composed of multiple single-core wires. In essence, the electrical performance parameters and structural size parameters of each single-core wire and single-core wire is no different.
Single-core With Shielding Wire Multi-core With Shielding WireHigh voltage wires can also be distinguished as unshielded wires and shielded wires according to whether they have a shielding layer or not.
The company is the world’s best Single-Core and Multi-Core Wiring Harnesses supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.
Single-core Shielded High-voltage Cables Single-core Unshielded High-voltage CablesIn addition to single-core shielded wire, single-core unshielded high-voltage wire, multi-core shielded high-voltage wire, multi-core unshielded high-voltage wire, these four arrangements of the combination of the wire. We can also classify high-voltage wires according to the following characteristics.
Characteristics Classification Core cross-sectional area 0.13mm²-120mm² Core material High-voltage conductors with copper cores High-voltage conductors with aluminum cores Insulation thickness Thin-walled high-voltage conductors Standard wall thickness Thick-walled high-voltage conductors Temperature resistance grade Standard high voltage conductor 85&#;-125&#; Super high temperature resistant grade high voltage conductor 250&#;Cut the high-voltage line from the outside to the inside, and you can see the following structural diagram.
The high-voltage conductor consists of secondary sheath (also called outer insulation layer), aluminum foil, shielding braid, inner insulation layer and core wire (conductor).
Industry standards can refer to &#;QC-T Automotive Industry Standard for High Voltage Cables for Road Vehicles&#; and &#;TCAS 356- for High Voltage Cables for New Energy Vehicles&#;.
Some of the high-voltage wires have a layer of wrapping tape between the shielding layer and the secondary sheath. The role of the wrap tape is to facilitate the production of crimped terminals for the insulation layer to be peeled off, similar to the non-woven material, wrapped around the wire to play a certain role in isolation.
The main structure of the high-voltage wire size parameters are also around these layers of elements, including the outer diameter of the secondary sheath, the diameter of the inner insulation layer, conductor diameter, single copper wire diameter, the number of copper wire roots, etc.
Anatomy of a High-voltage Wire(1) Insulation: Prevents contact between the core wire and other external conductors, resulting in a short circuit in the circuit.
(2) Protection of the core wire: to avoid abrasion of the internal core wire by liquids and external devices.
(3) IP protection: including dustproof, waterproof, and anti-touch (human body protection).
(4) Parts arrangement: Provide certain flexibility for the high-voltage harness to facilitate the arrangement of the high-voltage harness on the body of the vehicle.
(5) Anti-scratch abrasion, flame retardant and other special roles in weather resistance and reliability.
Unlike low-voltage conductors, which have only an outer insulation layer, high-voltage conductors have both inner and outer insulation layers, and the outer insulation layer is often referred to as the secondary sheath. The inner and outer insulation layers are generally made of XLPO (cross-linked polyolefin), SIR (silicone rubber) and TPE (thermoplastic elastomer).
Project SIR XLPO TPE Difference Description Temperature class 180&#;~200&#; 125&#;-150&#; 125&#; One of the main characteristics of silicone is its good heat resistance.Combined with the above comparison table of the characteristics of the three materials, we can draw the difference between the three materials at the application level:
XLPO has a wider range of applications, and the part in contact with the motor, the service life is weak, TPE material is mostly applicable to large-size wire and communication conductors.
SIR silicone rubber in addition to the above characteristics, but also has a better sealing, in high temperature and high pressure, small deformation, suitable for the need for high temperature resistance, small installation space, small bending radius, as the electric vehicle high-voltage wire insulation layer material, is more than suitable.
Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break of SIR Silicone Rubber at Different TemperaturesMechanical Strength and Tear Strength of SIR Silicone Rubber at Different TemperaturesVolume Change Rate of SIR Silicone Rubber in Different Oils for Oil Resistance TestPerformance of SIR Silicone Rubber in Aging Test at 200°C and HoursElectric vehicle high-voltage cables are subjected to higher voltage (rated voltage up to 600V), higher current (rated current up to 600A) and stronger electromagnetic radiation. Although the high-voltage conductor itself does not generate a lot of electromagnetic interference, but the coupling voltage and coupling current of the conductor basically come from the terminal connected to the conductor, that is, the high-voltage appliances.
Both ends of the wire, that is, the terminal crimp, concentrated electromagnetic interference. Therefore, the vast majority of high-voltage conductors are currently designed with shielding structures to resist electromagnetic interference.
The coaxial structure is used, using the joint action of the inner and outer conductors (shield). The magnetic field inside the conductor is distributed in concentric circles, while the electric field points from the inner conductor and stops at the outer conductor, so that the external electromagnetic field around the cable is zero. It not only shields electromagnetic radiation, but also eliminates coupling voltage and coupling current in this area.
High-voltage wire harness parts are required to meet the requirements of ISO in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) test of the whole vehicle. Transfer impedance &#; 31mΩ/m, shielding attenuation &#; 70dB, to meet the EMC requirements of the whole vehicle.
High Voltage Conductors in Electromagnetic InterferenceThe shielding layer of high-voltage conductors is divided into a shielding wire braid layer and an aluminum foil layer, and the conventional shielding layer structure is as follows.
&#;Only shield wire braid layer.
&#;Shield wire braid (near the inner insulation layer) + aluminum foil layer (near the outer insulation layer).
&#; Aluminum foil layer (near the inner insulation layer) + shielding wire braid layer (near the outer insulation layer) three states.
Of course, there are also some high-voltage conductors that are protected by EMC in the form of braided mesh, aluminum tubes or a combination of both.
Different Forms of Shield CompositionThe essence of the shielding wire braid is a wire with a metal braid sheath, which acts as a low-frequency shield. It is mainly made of 0.2mm² or 0.15mm² tinned copper wire braid, the preparation density must reach 90% or more.
Shielding wire diameter, braiding angle, the number of wires per spindle and braiding machine tension are several important parameters of the braided shielding wire.
Conventional shielding wire diameter of 0.2mm² and 0.15mm² two specifications. The thicker the wire diameter, the better the shielding effect
Host manufacturers and high-voltage wire manufacturers generally define the shield preparation angle in the range of 50° to 60°, in which the processing efficiency is highest.
The number of shielding wires per spindle is determined by each wire manufacturer. The more shielding wires per spindle, the larger the braiding pitch and the lower the relative tension.
Aluminum foil is generally used aluminum-plastic composite tape, mainly composed of aluminum, high-temperature coking glue and PET material with a temperature resistance class of 80&#;. Its role is high frequency shielding.
The cladding force of the aluminum foil wrapped around the insulation layer inside the high-voltage conductor is preset by the manufacturing machine. The exact size varies depending on the supplier of the conductor.
The vast majority of high-voltage conductors have the aluminum foil layer on the outside of the braid, and a small number of high-voltage conductors have the aluminum foil layer on the inside of the braid. Either way, the foil layer should be in contact with the braid and conductive.
The shield needs to be grounded to direct the external interference signals to earth, thus avoiding interference signals into the inner wire core.
It is important to note that the shield layer does not allow multiple points of grounding. Because there will be potential differences between different grounding points. If the shield multi-point grounding, will form a current in the shield layer, induction to the wire to form a current, induction to the signal line to form interference, not only can not play a shielding role, but to cause interference.
In the high-voltage wire factory, whether it is aluminum foil or woven shield, are in an unbroken state (i.e., complete wrapped in the wire insulation layer). Shield breaking work (including the cutting of aluminum foil and shielding wire expansion) is generally completed by the high-voltage harness assembly supplier, before the wire and connector connection installation.
The connection between high-voltage harness and high-voltage connector will receive more serious EMC interference, so the interface of each high-voltage connector needs to use shielding treatment. For example, the front and rear motor interfaces are shielded with the electrical box rail crimp, and the controller and battery box connectors are shielded with structural parts.
It is a common and efficient practice to add magnetic rings to high-voltage harnesses and high-voltage equipment.
Magnetic ring is a ring-shaped magnetic conductor, magnetic ring is a common anti-interference original in electronic circuits, for high-frequency noise has a very good suppression effect.
According to the frequency of the interference to be suppressed, choose different permeability of ferrite materials. The higher the permeability of ferrite materials, the greater the impedance of low frequency, the smaller the impedance of high aluminum.
The effect of the magnetic ring is related to the circuit impedance, the lower the impedance of the circuit, the better the filtering effect of the magnetic ring. The greater the impedance of the ferrite material, the better the filtering effect. When capacitive filter connectors are installed at both ends of the conductor, the impedance is very low and the effect of the magnetic ring is more obvious.
The installation position of the magnetic ring is generally as close as possible to the source of interference. For the high-voltage system of the high-voltage harness, the magnetic ring should be as close as possible to the motor, controller high-voltage wire import and export.
The larger the difference between the inner and outer diameter of the magnetic ring, the longer the axial direction, the greater the impedance. The inner diameter must be wrapped tightly around the wire. Therefore, to obtain a large attenuation, under the premise that the inner diameter of the magnetic ring wrapped tightly around the wire, try to use a larger volume of the magnetic ring.
Increasing the number of magnetic rings on the cable can increase the low frequency impedance. However, due to the increase of parasitic capacitance, the high-frequency impedance will decrease accordingly.
This article is about the classification and composition of high-voltage wires, as well as to the high-voltage wire insulation and shielding layer composition. If you are interested in the product, or have any questions and suggestions, welcome to contact us, our professional team will be happy to serve you.
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