Various common terminology is used throughout the wiring regulations. It is important to have a full understanding of the terms, what they mean, and how they relate to wiring and electrical work you may be carrying out.
Some of the most common terms and phrases are explained below:
The building regulations outline criteria and requirements for electrical safety. Compliance with building regulations is essential for anyone carrying out electrical installation work on domestic properties in the UK.
Building regulations do not restrict who can carry out proposed works and neither do they define standards for the safety of electrical devices and appliances. With regards to appliances, they simply require that fixed connections are safe. The quality and safety of the actual appliance itself is not covered by the regulations and is the responsibility of the homeowner or resident.
This principally refers to Part P of the regulations. To have the ability to certify your own work, you must be part of a domestic installers&#; competent person scheme. This could include several organisations and bodies, such as NAPIT, Elecsa, and NICEIC, to name just a few.
However, to join a competent person scheme, you must show the organisation that you have the required experience and understanding. This is because they need to be satisfied that you can complete works safely and in compliance with the necessary standards.
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In the context of electrical wiring regulations, a permit to work is simply a formal confirmation that electrical wiring has been isolated and made fully safe. This is vital to receive before any work is started, especially with regards to high voltage and high-risk works.
Beginning work without a permit to work is not only against the regulations, but it is also unsafe and could potentially be extremely dangerous. Electrical safety is paramount, which is why the permit to work is so important when dealing with wiring and circuitry.
Cable size selection is based on three main factors:
The current carrying rating is determined by the conductor size and the thermal heating of the cable. The cable spacing, application and insulation materials are relevant to the dissipation of this heat.
Voltage regulation is not usually a problem with well-designed electrical power systems but the voltage drop incurred with excessively long cable runs needs to be accounted for.
Guidance on cable size selection for various temperature ratings and wiring methods, along with guidance on voltage drop calculations, are contained in the National Wiring regulations (for the UK, that's BS 18th Edition).
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